Sensitiviti moral melalui interaksi pelajar pelbagai budaya [Moral sensitivity through the interaction of students from different cultures in school]

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to examine the moral sensitivity on the interaction between different cultures among secondary school students in Sabah. This qualitative study utilized interviews, document analysis and observation to collect data from its respondents. There were 15 form four students who were selected from diverse ethnic backgrounds in the district of Keningau through purposive sampling technique. In order to examine the characteristics of moral sensitivity on the interaction between different cultures, the researcher adapted an instrument known as Ethical Sensitivity Scale Questionnaire (ESSQ) by Darcia Narvaez. The findings of this study used to address three objectives. The first one was to analyse the characteristics of moral sensitivity among school students of different cultures. The second objective was to identify the presence of moral sensitivity among the different cultures in the selected school. The final objective was to determine to what extent students’ moral sensitivity influenced their moral decisions. The analysis of the findings revealed that concern about others, compassion and adherence to moral values were the three most obvious traits in the interaction between different cultures in Sabah secondary schools. The presence of this moral sensitivity derived from two processes and these were teamwork in accomplishing common goals and cultural assimilation which refers to understanding other cultures to the degree of accepting their values and norms that could be practiced universally. The analysis of this research indicated that moral sensitivity could help students make rational and proper moral decisions with compassion on others regardless of their races. It could help reduce their bias or prejudice in making ethical decisions by putting moral values as their main principle. This study implied how essential moral sensitivity is in the interaction of different cultures and the growth of cultural interaction directly influences the number of elements in moral sensitivity that can be integrated in schools. Moral sensitivity is not just limited to moral education, but it also can be seen in various aspects of languages and religions.

[Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengalaman sensitiviti moral pelajar sekolah menengah dalam interaksi pelbagai budaya. Kajian berbentuk kualitatif dengan menggunakan instrumen temu bual, analisis dokumen dan pemerhatian dilaksanakan bagi mencapai objektif kajian. Seramai 15 pelajar tingkatan empat yang memenuhi kriteria kajian iaitu sekolah yang mempunyai kepelbagaian kaum di daerah Keningau dipilih dengan menggunakan kaedah persampelan bertujuan. Pengkaji mengadaptasi instrumen oleh Darcia Narvaez iaitu Ethical Sensitiviti Scale Questionnaire (ESSQ) untuk membantu pengkaji mengenalpasti ciri-ciri sensitiviti moral dalam interaksi pelbagai budaya. Hasil dapatan adalah untuk mencapai tiga objektif kajian iaitu i) menganalisis ciri-ciri sensitiviti moral dalam kalangan pelajar pelbagai budaya di sekolah ii) mengetahui kewujudan sensitiviti moral dalam interaksi pelajar pelbagai budaya dan iii) mengenal pasti sensitiviti moral pelajar dalam membantu pelajar pelbagai budaya membuat keputusan moral. Analisis dapatan menunjukkan kepedulian, keprihatinan dan kepatuhan amalan nilai moral merupakan ciri sensitiviti moral yang ketara dalam interaksi pelbagai budaya pelajar sekolah menengah di Sabah. Kewujudan sensitiviti moral ini adalah melalui dua proses iaitu i) semangat berkerja berkumpulan demi mencapai sesuatu objektif bersama dan ii) asimilasi budaya, iaitu memahami budaya kaum lain sehingga berjaya menerima nilai dan norma yang boleh digunakan bersama. Analisis dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan sensitiviti moral dapat membantu pelajar dalam membuat keputusan bermoral yang rasional/betul melalui perasaan ambil peduli tanpa mengira kaum, meletakkan nilai moral sebagai panduan dan mengurangkan sikap berat sebelah/ perasaan bias mahupun prejudis dalam membuat keputusan. Implikasi kajian ini menunjukkan sensitiviti moral amat penting dalam interaksi pelbagai budaya dan semakin luas interaksi pelbagai budaya semakin kerap elemen sensitiviti moral boleh diterapkan. Sensitiviti moral bukan sahaja berfokus kepada bidang moral malah boleh dilihat secara keseluruhan dari aspek bahasa dan agama.]