Pemahaman norma masyarakat melalui aktiviti analisis filem pendek dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Moral [Understanding social norms through short film analysis activities in teaching and learning Moral education]
Abstract
The understanding of social norms is very important for students today. Therefore, this article discusses the potential of short film analysis activities as one of the teaching methods in improving students' understanding of social norms in Malaysia. A total of 18 female and male students (three focus groups) from the fourth grade Moral Education class were used for the purpose of data collection. Purposive sampling technique was used to select study participants. This qualitative study was carried out by using observation protocol instruments, interview protocols and journal writing guides in order to collect data. The findings of the study show that short film analysis activities in the teaching and learning of Moral Education help students to understand the norms of Malaysian society.
[Pemahaman norma masyarakat amat penting kepada murid-murid pada masa kini. Justeru, artikel ini membincangkan potensi aktiviti analisis filem pendek sebagai salah satu kaedah pengajaran dalam meningkatkan pemahaman murid terhadap norma masyarakat di negara Malaysia. Seramai 18 orang murid perempuan dan lelaki (tiga kumpulan berfokus) dari kelas Pendidikan Moral tingkatan empat digunakan untuk tujuan pengumpulan data Teknik pensampelan bertujuan digunakan untuk memilih peserta kajian. Kajian kualitatif ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan instrumen protokol pemerhatian, protokol temu bual dan panduan penulisan jurnal bertujuan untuk mengumpul data. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan aktiviti analisis filem pendek dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Moral membantu murid memahami norma masyarakat negara Malaysia.]
Keywords:
Social Norms, Film analysis, Teaching and learning, Moral education, Norma Masyarakat, Filem pendek, Analisis filem, Pengajaran dan pembelajaran, Pendidikan Moral
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References
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Lapsley, D. K. (2018). Moral psychology. Routledge.
Mathes, E. W. (2021). An evolutionary perspective on Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. Current Psychology, 40(8), 3908-3921.
Miller, J. G. (2001). Culture and Moral Development. The Handbook of Culture and Psychology., (January 1987), 151–170. New York: Psychology Press.
Jafri, J. (2021). Upaya Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Keagamaan Siswa. Al-Liqo: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 10-33.
Listari, L. (2021). Dekadensi Moral Remaja (Upaya Pembinaan Moral Oleh Keluarga Dan Sekolah). Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi Dan Humaniora, 12(1), 7-12.
Rani, F. H., Ardha, D. J., & Marlina, H. (2022). Memahami Hubungan Teori Psikoanalisis dan Teori Pengembangan Moral terhadap Terjadinya Suatu Kejahatan di Masyarakat. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 22(2), 1021-1026.
Ali, S. N., & Bénabou, R. (2020). Image versus information: Changing societal norms and optimal privacy. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 12(3), 116-64.
Bandana, R. (2018, May). Sentiment analysis of movie reviews using heterogeneous features. In 2018 2nd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Bakar, A. A. A., & Hamzah, M. I. (2019). Faktor keterlibatan remaja dengan masalah sosial. Jurnal Hadhari, 11(1), 1-17.
Sharif, Z., & Mohamad Roslan, N. (2011). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi remaja terlibat dalam masalah sosial di Sekolah Tunas Bakti, Sungai Lereh, Melaka. Journal of Education Psychology & Counseling, 1(7), 115-140.
Zainul Arifin Md. Isa. (2012, June 13). Grads without soft skills victims of system. New Straits Times, p. 19.
Gurusamy, V., & Thambu, N. (2018). Development of moral motivation through acting activities in teaching and learning of Moral Education in secondary schools [Perkembangan motivasi moral murid melalui aktiviti lakonan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Moral di sekolah menengah]. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 234-250.
Haridi, N. H. (2016). Program Agama di Pusat Pemulihan Akhlak Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat (JKM): Kajian dari Aspek Pelaksanaan dan Keberkesanan. PhD Thesis. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Universiti Malaya.
Issahak, M. A. (2019). Jenayah dalam kalangan pelajar masih membimbangkan. Kuala Lumpur: BH Online.
Rest, J. (1984). The major components of morality. Dalam W. Kurtines & J. Gewirtz (Eds.), Morality, moral development and moral behaviour (pp. 24-38). New York: Wiley.
Rushton, C.H., & Penticuff, J.H. (2007). In Critical Care Dilemmas in Critical Care Nursing. AACN Advanced Critical Care, 18(3), 323–328.
Özçetin, Y. S. Ü., & Hiçdurmaz, D. (2018). The related factors of moral sensitivity in nursing students. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 11(3), 209-217.
Thambu, N., & Rhapor, A. A. (2021). Teater perbincangan dilema Moral: pendekatan transformatif dalam melaksanakan kandungan kurikulum buku teks Pendidikan Moral. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1-17.
Thambu, N. (2019). Potential of forum theatre in forming a holistic human being: Qualitative findings from Moral education class [Potensi unsur-unsur teater forum dalam pembentukan insan menyeluruh: Dapatan kajian kualitatif kelas pendidikan Moral]. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 77-95.
Idriki, N. A. M., & Tan, B. P. (2022). Aplikasi pembelajaran abad ke-21 dalam talian: cabaran guru Pendidikan Moral [21st century online learning applications: the challenge of Moral Education teachers]. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 16-35.
Nuwa, G. G. (2020). Kemerosotan Moral Siswa Pada Masa Pandemic Covid-19: Meneropong Eksistensi Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam. Atta'dib Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 1(2), 1-17.
Santosa, S., & Andrean, S. (2021). Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Karakter Siswa dengan Mengoptimalkan Peran Guru Sebagai Contextual Idol di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 5(2), 952-957.
Nurohmah, A. N., & Dewi, D. A. (2021). Penanaman Nilai Moral dan Karakter di Era Pandemi melalui Pendidikan dengan Mengimplementasikan Nilai-Nilai Pancasila. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 3(1), 119-127.
Lubis, R. F. (2019). Kemampuan Guru Menarik Perhatian Siswa Dalam Proses Pembelajaran. Al-Mutharahah: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Sosial Keagamaan, 16(1), 152-175.
O’Flaherty, J.; Liddy, M.; McCormack, O. The teachers put efort into teaching us about life, and what’s right and what’s wrong: Values and moral education in publicly-managed schools in Ireland. J. Beliefs Values 2018,39, 45–56.
Pratiwi, Z. F., & Ayu, M. (2020). The Use of Describing Picture Strategy To Improve Secondary Students’speaking Skill. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 1(2), 38-43.
Gurusamy, V., Thambu, N., & Vengadasalam, C. (2019). Kesedaran Sensitiviti Moral Melalui Aktiviti Analisis Filem Pendek: Satu Kajian Tindakan di Kelas Pendidikan Moral. Malaysian Journal of Education (0126-6020), 44(1).
Lokman, H. F., Khalid, F., & Nasri, N. M. (2022). Development Of Value Appreciation Through Moral Education Charity Work With Social Media Applications Integration. Jurnal Ilmi, 11(1), 43-55.
Vishalache Balakrishnan. (2002). Penggunaan dilema real-life dalam pengajaran Pendidikan Moral. Tesis sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
Abdul Shatar Che Abdul Rahman. (2009). Pengetahuan kandungan dan pedagogi guru Pendidikan Moral tingkatan empat di sebuah sekolah. (Tesis doktor falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan). Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
Romyati, E., Widayat, W., & Tjahjono, A. (2019). Pemanfaatan Buku Teks Dalam Menunjang Pembelajaran Matematika Di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri I Kebumen Tahun 2019 (Doctoral dissertation, STIE Widya Wiwaha).
Chayumi, S. (2021). Penggunaan Metode Problem Based Learning Berbantu Media Video Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PKn pada Materi Norma dan Keadilan Siswa Kelas 7A di SMP Negeri 1 Ledokombo. CIVICUS: Pendidikan-Penelitian-Pengabdian Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, 9(1), 1-10.
Chan, D. & Herrero, C. 2011. Using Film to Teach Languages: A Teachers’ Toolkit for Educators Wanting to Teach Languages using Film in the Classroom, with a Particular Focus on Arabic, Mandarin, Italian and Urdu. Manchester, Cornerhouse
Corrigan, Timothy. 2001. A Short Guide to Writing about Film. New York: Longman.
Ghaisani, F. A. (2020). Representasi Kritik Sosial Dalam Film Indonesia (Analisis Semiotika Kritik Sosial Dalam Film Slank Nggak Ada Matinya) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Airlangga).
Umiyanah, S. (2021). Pesan Moral Dalam Film Habibie dan Ainun 3 (Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes) (Doctoral dissertation, UIN SMH BANTEN).
Kirsh, S.J. 1998. Using animated films to teach social and personality development. Teaching of Psychology 25(1): 49-51.
Normiha Suraya, I. (2019). Aplikasi teknik “repetition exercise” oleh Sanford Meisner dalam lakonan: Analisis terhadap lakonan watak utama. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Malaya).
Barrance, T. (2010). “Using Film in Schools: A Practical Guide. Film: 21st Century Literacy.” Media Education Wales.
Harahap, F. D. S., & Nasution, N. A. (2022). Analisis Dampak Menonton Serial Kartu Upin dan Ipin Terhadap Perkembangan Moral Agama Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun. TANJAK: Journal of Education and Teaching, 3(1), 39-56.
Kemmis, S., & McTaggart, R. (1988). The Action research planner. Geelong, Victoria, Australia: Deakin University Press.
Zuber-Skerrit, O. (1995). Models for action research. In S. Pinchen & R. Passfield. (Eds.) Moving On: Creative applications of action learning and action research. (pp. 3 - 29). Queensland, Australia: Action Research, Action Learning and Process Management.
Chow, F. M., & Jaizah Mahamud. (2011). Kajian tindakan: Konsep & amalan dalam pendidikan.
Whitehead, J., & McNiff, J. (2006). Action research living theory. London, UK: Sage.
Nadarajan Thambu, & Ganesan Shanmugavelu. (2016). Unsur ‘niat moral’ dalam teater forum: Satu kajian tindakan di kelas Pendidikan Moral. Asian Education Action Research Journal (AEARJ), 5, 1-14.
Bogdan, R.C., & Biklen, S.K. (2007). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theories and methods. New York: Pearson
Nadarajan Thambu, & Muhammad Hasbi Abdul Rahman. (2017). Forum Theatre as a behavior change strategy: Qualitative findings from Moral Education class. SEARCH: The Journal of the South East Asia Research Centre for Communications and Humanities, 9(1), 25-46.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research psychology, 3, 77-101.
David Wilkinson and Peter Birmingham. (2014). Using research instruments: A guide for researchers. London: Taylor &Francis Group.
Kurawa, S. S. (2012). Social Order in Sociology: Its Reality and Elusiveness. Sociology Mind, 2(1), 34–40. http://doi.org/10.4236/sm.2012.21004
Lapsley, D. K. (2018). Moral psychology. Routledge.
Mathes, E. W. (2021). An evolutionary perspective on Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. Current Psychology, 40(8), 3908-3921.
Miller, J. G. (2001). Culture and Moral Development. The Handbook of Culture and Psychology., (January 1987), 151–170. New York: Psychology Press.
Jafri, J. (2021). Upaya Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Keagamaan Siswa. Al-Liqo: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 10-33.
Listari, L. (2021). Dekadensi Moral Remaja (Upaya Pembinaan Moral Oleh Keluarga Dan Sekolah). Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi Dan Humaniora, 12(1), 7-12.
Rani, F. H., Ardha, D. J., & Marlina, H. (2022). Memahami Hubungan Teori Psikoanalisis dan Teori Pengembangan Moral terhadap Terjadinya Suatu Kejahatan di Masyarakat. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 22(2), 1021-1026.
Ali, S. N., & Bénabou, R. (2020). Image versus information: Changing societal norms and optimal privacy. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 12(3), 116-64.
Bandana, R. (2018, May). Sentiment analysis of movie reviews using heterogeneous features. In 2018 2nd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Bakar, A. A. A., & Hamzah, M. I. (2019). Faktor keterlibatan remaja dengan masalah sosial. Jurnal Hadhari, 11(1), 1-17.
Sharif, Z., & Mohamad Roslan, N. (2011). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi remaja terlibat dalam masalah sosial di Sekolah Tunas Bakti, Sungai Lereh, Melaka. Journal of Education Psychology & Counseling, 1(7), 115-140.
Zainul Arifin Md. Isa. (2012, June 13). Grads without soft skills victims of system. New Straits Times, p. 19.
Gurusamy, V., & Thambu, N. (2018). Development of moral motivation through acting activities in teaching and learning of Moral Education in secondary schools [Perkembangan motivasi moral murid melalui aktiviti lakonan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Moral di sekolah menengah]. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 234-250.
Haridi, N. H. (2016). Program Agama di Pusat Pemulihan Akhlak Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat (JKM): Kajian dari Aspek Pelaksanaan dan Keberkesanan. PhD Thesis. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Universiti Malaya.
Issahak, M. A. (2019). Jenayah dalam kalangan pelajar masih membimbangkan. Kuala Lumpur: BH Online.
Rest, J. (1984). The major components of morality. Dalam W. Kurtines & J. Gewirtz (Eds.), Morality, moral development and moral behaviour (pp. 24-38). New York: Wiley.
Rushton, C.H., & Penticuff, J.H. (2007). In Critical Care Dilemmas in Critical Care Nursing. AACN Advanced Critical Care, 18(3), 323–328.
Özçetin, Y. S. Ü., & Hiçdurmaz, D. (2018). The related factors of moral sensitivity in nursing students. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 11(3), 209-217.
Thambu, N., & Rhapor, A. A. (2021). Teater perbincangan dilema Moral: pendekatan transformatif dalam melaksanakan kandungan kurikulum buku teks Pendidikan Moral. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1-17.
Thambu, N. (2019). Potential of forum theatre in forming a holistic human being: Qualitative findings from Moral education class [Potensi unsur-unsur teater forum dalam pembentukan insan menyeluruh: Dapatan kajian kualitatif kelas pendidikan Moral]. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 77-95.
Idriki, N. A. M., & Tan, B. P. (2022). Aplikasi pembelajaran abad ke-21 dalam talian: cabaran guru Pendidikan Moral [21st century online learning applications: the challenge of Moral Education teachers]. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 16-35.
Nuwa, G. G. (2020). Kemerosotan Moral Siswa Pada Masa Pandemic Covid-19: Meneropong Eksistensi Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam. Atta'dib Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 1(2), 1-17.
Santosa, S., & Andrean, S. (2021). Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Karakter Siswa dengan Mengoptimalkan Peran Guru Sebagai Contextual Idol di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 5(2), 952-957.
Nurohmah, A. N., & Dewi, D. A. (2021). Penanaman Nilai Moral dan Karakter di Era Pandemi melalui Pendidikan dengan Mengimplementasikan Nilai-Nilai Pancasila. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 3(1), 119-127.
Lubis, R. F. (2019). Kemampuan Guru Menarik Perhatian Siswa Dalam Proses Pembelajaran. Al-Mutharahah: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Sosial Keagamaan, 16(1), 152-175.
O’Flaherty, J.; Liddy, M.; McCormack, O. The teachers put efort into teaching us about life, and what’s right and what’s wrong: Values and moral education in publicly-managed schools in Ireland. J. Beliefs Values 2018,39, 45–56.
Pratiwi, Z. F., & Ayu, M. (2020). The Use of Describing Picture Strategy To Improve Secondary Students’speaking Skill. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 1(2), 38-43.
Gurusamy, V., Thambu, N., & Vengadasalam, C. (2019). Kesedaran Sensitiviti Moral Melalui Aktiviti Analisis Filem Pendek: Satu Kajian Tindakan di Kelas Pendidikan Moral. Malaysian Journal of Education (0126-6020), 44(1).
Lokman, H. F., Khalid, F., & Nasri, N. M. (2022). Development Of Value Appreciation Through Moral Education Charity Work With Social Media Applications Integration. Jurnal Ilmi, 11(1), 43-55.
Vishalache Balakrishnan. (2002). Penggunaan dilema real-life dalam pengajaran Pendidikan Moral. Tesis sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
Abdul Shatar Che Abdul Rahman. (2009). Pengetahuan kandungan dan pedagogi guru Pendidikan Moral tingkatan empat di sebuah sekolah. (Tesis doktor falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan). Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
Romyati, E., Widayat, W., & Tjahjono, A. (2019). Pemanfaatan Buku Teks Dalam Menunjang Pembelajaran Matematika Di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri I Kebumen Tahun 2019 (Doctoral dissertation, STIE Widya Wiwaha).
Chayumi, S. (2021). Penggunaan Metode Problem Based Learning Berbantu Media Video Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PKn pada Materi Norma dan Keadilan Siswa Kelas 7A di SMP Negeri 1 Ledokombo. CIVICUS: Pendidikan-Penelitian-Pengabdian Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, 9(1), 1-10.
Chan, D. & Herrero, C. 2011. Using Film to Teach Languages: A Teachers’ Toolkit for Educators Wanting to Teach Languages using Film in the Classroom, with a Particular Focus on Arabic, Mandarin, Italian and Urdu. Manchester, Cornerhouse
Corrigan, Timothy. 2001. A Short Guide to Writing about Film. New York: Longman.
Ghaisani, F. A. (2020). Representasi Kritik Sosial Dalam Film Indonesia (Analisis Semiotika Kritik Sosial Dalam Film Slank Nggak Ada Matinya) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Airlangga).
Umiyanah, S. (2021). Pesan Moral Dalam Film Habibie dan Ainun 3 (Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes) (Doctoral dissertation, UIN SMH BANTEN).
Kirsh, S.J. 1998. Using animated films to teach social and personality development. Teaching of Psychology 25(1): 49-51.
Normiha Suraya, I. (2019). Aplikasi teknik “repetition exercise” oleh Sanford Meisner dalam lakonan: Analisis terhadap lakonan watak utama. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Malaya).
Barrance, T. (2010). “Using Film in Schools: A Practical Guide. Film: 21st Century Literacy.” Media Education Wales.
Harahap, F. D. S., & Nasution, N. A. (2022). Analisis Dampak Menonton Serial Kartu Upin dan Ipin Terhadap Perkembangan Moral Agama Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun. TANJAK: Journal of Education and Teaching, 3(1), 39-56.
Kemmis, S., & McTaggart, R. (1988). The Action research planner. Geelong, Victoria, Australia: Deakin University Press.
Zuber-Skerrit, O. (1995). Models for action research. In S. Pinchen & R. Passfield. (Eds.) Moving On: Creative applications of action learning and action research. (pp. 3 - 29). Queensland, Australia: Action Research, Action Learning and Process Management.
Chow, F. M., & Jaizah Mahamud. (2011). Kajian tindakan: Konsep & amalan dalam pendidikan.
Whitehead, J., & McNiff, J. (2006). Action research living theory. London, UK: Sage.
Nadarajan Thambu, & Ganesan Shanmugavelu. (2016). Unsur ‘niat moral’ dalam teater forum: Satu kajian tindakan di kelas Pendidikan Moral. Asian Education Action Research Journal (AEARJ), 5, 1-14.
Bogdan, R.C., & Biklen, S.K. (2007). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theories and methods. New York: Pearson
Nadarajan Thambu, & Muhammad Hasbi Abdul Rahman. (2017). Forum Theatre as a behavior change strategy: Qualitative findings from Moral Education class. SEARCH: The Journal of the South East Asia Research Centre for Communications and Humanities, 9(1), 25-46.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research psychology, 3, 77-101.
David Wilkinson and Peter Birmingham. (2014). Using research instruments: A guide for researchers. London: Taylor &Francis Group.
Kurawa, S. S. (2012). Social Order in Sociology: Its Reality and Elusiveness. Sociology Mind, 2(1), 34–40. http://doi.org/10.4236/sm.2012.21004
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Gurusamy, V., Epriadi, D., Supramaiam, J., & Nagarathanam, R. (2022). Pemahaman norma masyarakat melalui aktiviti analisis filem pendek dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Moral [Understanding social norms through short film analysis activities in teaching and learning Moral education]. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 6(4), 85-96. https://doi.org/10.33306/mjssh/218
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