Konsep penuaan setempat warga emas Orang Asli: satu kajian kes suku Temuan Kampung Orang Asli Sungai Mahang [The concept of ageing in place among Orang Asli older persons: a case study of the Temuan Community in kampung Orang Asli Sungai Mahang]
Keywords:
Orang Asli, penuaan setempat, penuaan di institusi, warga emas, Ageing in place, institutional ageing, older personsAbstract
Isu penuaan dalam kalangan komuniti Orang Asli menuntut pendekatan yang lebih inklusif dan sensitif budaya kerana mereka mempunyai hubungan rapat dengan keluarga, kampung, tanah dan jaringan sosial setempat. Walaupun penuaan di institusi warga emas semakin dibincangkan sebagai respon kepada cabaran penuaan, kefahaman terhadap kecenderungan warga emas Orang Asli mengenainya masih terhad. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pandangan warga emas Orang Asli Suku Temuan di Kampung Orang Asli Sungai Mahang terhadap penuaan setempat dan penuaan di institusi warga emas. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian secara kajian kes eksplotari. Seramai tiga orang informan ditemu bual secara mendalam. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa warga emas Orang Asli lebih cenderung untuk menjalani penuaan setempat kerana kelangsungan tradisi, sokongan sosial, akses kesihatan, kebiasaan cara hidup dan literasi penuaan di institusi warga emas. Kajian ini penting dalam memberi input kepada penambahbaikan mahupun pelaksanaan Dasar Warga Emas Negara dengan membuktikan bahawa keberkesanan penjagaan warga emas Orang Asli amat bergantung kepada fungsi komuniti dan persekitaran setempat sebagai ruang penjagaan holistik (sosial, budaya, dan emosi), dan bukannya semata-mata bergantung pada kemudahan institusi formal.
Ageing among Orang Asli communities requires a more inclusive and culturally sensitive approach, as they maintain close relationships with family, village, land, and local social networks. Although ageing in elderly care institutions has increasingly been discussed as a response to the challenges of population ageing, understanding of Orang Asli older persons’ preferences toward such arrangements remains limited. This study aims to examine the perspectives of older persons from the Temuan sub-ethnic group in Kampung Orang Asli Sungai Mahang regarding ageing in place and ageing in elderly care institutions. This study employed a qualitative approach using an exploratory case study design. Three informants were interviewed in depth. The findings indicate that Orang Asli older persons are more inclined to age in place due to the continuity of tradition, social support, access to healthcare, familiarity with their way of life, and limited literacy regarding ageing in elderly care institutions. This study is significant in providing input for the improvement and implementation of the National Policy for Older Persons by demonstrating that the effectiveness of elderly care for Orang Asli communities depends strongly on the role of the community and local environment as holistic spaces of care (social, cultural, and emotional) rather than relying solely on formal institutional facilities.
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